Worker Owned


For Business Owners Considering Selling to Employees or Cooperators Exploring Buying a Business

What Are Worker Owned Cooperatives?

Worker owned cooperatives (co-ops) are entities that buy and sell goods and services, just like traditional businesses, but they are owned by their workers, rather than by shareholders. Worker cooperatives empower workers to make decisions that impact their lives and livelihoods, learn new skills, and share equitably in a business’s profits.

How Bestbettingph Explains Football Betting Basics for Filipino Beginners

Football betting in the Philippines has grown considerably over the past decade, driven by the country’s deep enthusiasm for the sport and the expansion of licensed online sportsbooks serving Filipino players. For many beginners, however, the gap between watching a match and placing an informed wager is wider than it appears. Understanding how odds work, what different bet types mean, and how to read a sportsbook interface requires a structured introduction — not just a glossary of terms. Resources that break down these fundamentals in a locally relevant context have become genuinely useful for Filipino bettors who want to move beyond guesswork and develop a basic analytical framework before risking real money.

The Foundation: Understanding Odds Formats Used in Philippine Sportsbooks

One of the first points of confusion for Filipino beginners is the existence of multiple odds formats displayed across different sportsbooks. The three most common formats are decimal odds, fractional odds, and American (moneyline) odds. Most Philippine-facing sportsbooks default to decimal odds because they are the most intuitive for calculating potential returns. A decimal odd of 2.50 on a team means that for every peso wagered, the bettor receives 2.50 pesos back if the bet wins — which includes the original stake. The profit, therefore, is 1.50 pesos per peso staked.

Fractional odds, more common in the United Kingdom and Ireland, express the profit relative to the stake. An odd of 3/2 means a bettor wins three units for every two units staked. While Filipino sportsbooks rarely display fractional odds as a default, understanding the format is useful when reading international betting content or comparing odds across platforms that serve multiple markets. American odds, meanwhile, use a positive or negative number to indicate how much profit a successful bet of 100 units would yield (for positive odds) or how much must be staked to win 100 units (for negative odds). A line of +150 means a 100-peso bet returns 150 pesos in profit; a line of -130 means a bettor must wager 130 pesos to win 100 pesos in profit.

Beyond the format itself, beginners need to understand that odds reflect implied probability. A decimal odd of 2.00 implies a 50% probability of the outcome occurring. The formula is straightforward: implied probability equals one divided by the decimal odd, expressed as a percentage. When a sportsbook sets odds on a match, the combined implied probabilities of all possible outcomes typically exceed 100% — the excess is the bookmaker’s margin, sometimes called the overround or vig. For a standard three-way football market (home win, draw, away win), a margin of 5–8% is common among competitive sportsbooks. Recognizing this margin is fundamental to understanding why consistently beating a sportsbook over the long term is genuinely difficult, and why line shopping — comparing odds across multiple books — can meaningfully improve a bettor’s expected return.

Core Bet Types: From Match Result to Asian Handicap

Filipino beginners typically encounter the 1X2 market first, which is the simplest form of football betting. The “1” represents a home win, “X” represents a draw, and “2” represents an away win. This market requires no adjustment for the relative strength of the teams — the bettor simply picks one of three outcomes. While straightforward, the 1X2 market often produces low odds on strong favorites, which pushes many bettors toward handicap markets where the potential returns are more attractive.

The Asian Handicap is particularly popular across Southeast Asia, including the Philippines, and it eliminates the draw as a possible result by giving one team a virtual head start or deficit before the match begins. A -1.5 handicap on the favorite means that team must win by at least two goals for the bet to succeed. A +1.5 handicap on the underdog means that team can lose by one goal and the bet still wins. Half-goal handicaps eliminate the possibility of a push (a refunded stake), while whole-number handicaps can result in a push if the margin of victory exactly equals the handicap. The Asian Handicap format was developed in the late 1990s in Asia and has since become standard on nearly all major sportsbooks globally because it reduces the bookmaker’s margin by eliminating one possible outcome from the market.

Over/Under betting, also called totals, asks the bettor to predict whether the combined goals scored in a match will be above or below a line set by the sportsbook. A common line for a competitive football match is 2.5 goals. Betting the over means the bettor needs at least three goals to be scored; betting the under means the bettor needs the match to finish with two goals or fewer. This market is particularly useful for bettors who have views on team defensive or attacking form but are less certain about which side will win. Statistics from major European leagues — where data collection is most rigorous — show that the average goals per game in competitions like the English Premier League has hovered between 2.6 and 2.9 over the past five seasons, making the 2.5 line a genuinely contested threshold rather than an arbitrary number.

Both Teams to Score (BTTS) is another market that has gained significant traction among Filipino bettors. It simply asks whether both teams will find the net at least once during the match, regardless of the final scoreline. A match ending 2-1 is a BTTS yes result; a match ending 1-0 is a BTTS no result. This market is especially popular in leagues known for open, attacking play, and many bettors combine it with other selections in accumulator bets to build larger potential returns from smaller individual odds. Accumulators — where multiple selections are combined into a single bet and all must win for the wager to pay out — are extremely common among recreational bettors in the Philippines, though they carry significantly higher variance than single-match wagers.

Resources like https://www.bestbettingph.com provide Filipino bettors with structured explanations of these markets alongside examples denominated in Philippine pesos, which helps beginners connect abstract concepts to real staking decisions rather than relying on generic international guides that may use currencies or cultural references less familiar to a local audience.

The Regulatory Context: Betting Legally in the Philippines

Understanding the legal framework around sports betting in the Philippines is not a secondary concern — it directly affects which platforms a bettor can safely use and what recourse exists if a dispute arises. The Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) is the primary regulatory body overseeing gambling activities in the country, operating under a mandate established by Presidential Decree No. 1869 in 1983, which was later consolidated and amended. PAGCOR issues licenses to both land-based and online gaming operators and sets the compliance standards they must meet, including responsible gambling requirements and financial reporting obligations.

In 2016, PAGCOR introduced the Philippine Offshore Gaming Operator (POGO) framework, which was initially designed to license operators serving customers outside the Philippines. However, the regulatory landscape has shifted considerably since then. In 2024, President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. ordered the shutdown of POGO operations following sustained concerns about criminal activity and tax compliance failures, a decision that significantly restructured the online gaming sector. For Filipino bettors, the practical implication is that the sportsbooks legally permitted to accept local players are those holding valid PAGCOR Interactive licenses or operating through licensed entities such as Cagayan Economic Zone Authority (CEZA) licensees — though CEZA’s scope has been more limited and contested over the years.

Beginners should verify that any sportsbook they use is operating under a recognized license before depositing funds. A licensed operator is subject to regulatory oversight, which provides a layer of consumer protection that unlicensed offshore sites do not offer. Licensing information is typically displayed in the footer of a sportsbook’s website and can be cross-referenced with PAGCOR’s published list of authorized operators. Beyond licensing, Filipino bettors should also be aware that responsible gambling tools — including deposit limits, self-exclusion options, and session time reminders — are required features on licensed platforms, and using them is a practical way to maintain control over betting activity rather than treating them as obstacles.

The tax treatment of gambling winnings in the Philippines has also evolved. Under the National Internal Revenue Code, gambling winnings are generally subject to a 20% final withholding tax, though the application to online sports betting winnings can be complex depending on the platform and the nature of the transaction. Bettors who engage in high-volume wagering should be aware of their potential tax obligations rather than assuming that online transactions are invisible to tax authorities — a misconception that has created problems for some players in the past.

Developing a Betting Approach: Bankroll Management and Record Keeping

Most beginner bettors focus almost entirely on picking winners and pay little attention to how they manage their funds across multiple bets. This is a significant oversight, because even a bettor with a genuine edge in predicting outcomes can lose their entire bankroll through poor staking decisions. Bankroll management refers to the systematic approach of deciding how much to wager on each bet relative to total available funds, with the goal of surviving losing streaks while allowing winning streaks to generate meaningful returns.

The flat staking method is the most straightforward approach for beginners: wagering the same fixed amount on every bet, typically between 1% and 5% of the total bankroll. A bettor with a 10,000-peso bankroll using flat staking at 2% would place 200-peso bets regardless of how confident they feel about a particular selection. This method prevents the common mistake of “chasing” — increasing stake sizes after losses to recover deficits quickly — which is one of the fastest ways to deplete a bankroll. The Kelly Criterion is a more mathematically sophisticated staking method that adjusts bet size based on the bettor’s estimated probability of winning versus the implied probability reflected in the odds, but it requires accurate probability estimation and is generally better suited to experienced bettors who have tracked their results over a large sample of bets.

Record keeping is equally important and equally neglected by beginners. Maintaining a simple spreadsheet that logs each bet — including the match, market, odds, stake, result, and profit or loss — provides data that reveals patterns over time. A bettor might discover, for example, that they perform well on Asian Handicap markets but poorly on BTTS bets, or that their results on weekend matches differ from midweek fixtures. Without records, these patterns remain invisible and the bettor has no objective basis for adjusting their approach. After a minimum of 100 bets, a recorded history begins to provide statistically meaningful information; after 500 bets, it becomes genuinely useful for identifying strengths and weaknesses in a betting strategy.

Bestbettingph addresses this practical dimension of betting education by emphasizing that the mechanics of placing a bet are only one part of the learning curve. The behavioral and analytical habits that surround betting — how a bettor reacts to losses, how they evaluate their own performance, and how they distinguish between a bad process and a bad outcome — are at least as important as knowing what an Asian Handicap is. A bettor who understands all the market types but has no staking discipline will consistently underperform relative to a bettor who has a narrower knowledge base but manages their funds methodically.

It is also worth understanding the concept of value betting, which is the practice of placing bets only when the odds offered by the sportsbook imply a lower probability than the bettor’s own assessment of the true probability. If a bettor believes a team has a 60% chance of winning a match, but the sportsbook’s odds imply only a 50% probability, there is theoretical value in that bet. Over a large number of bets, consistently identifying and exploiting value is the only mathematically sustainable path to long-term profit. This does not mean a value bet always wins — it means the expected return is positive over many repetitions. Understanding this distinction between short-term results and long-term expectation is one of the most important conceptual shifts a beginner can make, and it reframes losses not as failures but as part of a probabilistic process that plays out over hundreds or thousands of bets.

Filipino football bettors who take the time to understand odds formats, familiarize themselves with the range of available markets, operate within the legal framework established by PAGCOR, and develop basic bankroll management habits will be far better positioned than the majority of recreational bettors who approach wagering purely on intuition. The Philippine sports betting market continues to mature, with more data tools and educational resources available in 2024 than at any previous point — making it a more navigable environment for informed beginners than it was even five years ago. The fundamentals covered here are not shortcuts to guaranteed profit, but they are the necessary groundwork for anyone who wants to engage with football betting as a disciplined activity rather than a purely luck-dependent one.

Cooperatives are businesses owned and run by and for their members. Whether the members are the customers, employees or residents they have an equal say in what the business does and a share in the profits. Whether it is a new business idea or a current business that wants to convert, we are here to help you through the necessary steps – and to coach you in the most important aspect that sets co-ops apart from other businesses; to work as a group, equally taking part and sharing in the work and rewards. 

Worker Ownership Program

Worker Owned is committed to supporting existing co-ops and incubating new co-ops. The Worker Ownership Program helps you start or convert to a cooperative.

Worker Owned Academy

  • The Worker Owned Academy is a six week interactive program delivered by Cooperation Humboldt 2-3 times a year.
  • The Worker Owned Academy is for you if you are serious about starting a cooperative and want to take skill-building classes to start your planning and development process. You also get the chance to get inspired by others who are thinking of starting Worker Owned Cooperatives. 
  • One-to-one business advising and coaching for the business owner converting to worker ownership and/or for the team of worker owners getting ready to launch.

The Worker Owned Academy costs $60 as a one-time registration fee, which covers all six workshops. Scholarships are available. If you feel you may be eligible for a scholarship, Download and Return this Scholarship Application if you haven’t before. Watch this video tutorial for guidance on completing it correctly. Must be filled out completely and correctly or we cannot process it. Please send to admin@northcoastsbdc.org. All information is kept confidential. Call us any time if you need help.

Worker Owned Incubator

  • Groups with a viable business idea complete the Academy then apply for intensive mentoring from the Worker Owned team.
  • We provide the advising and coaching above, plus we also join your Cooperative Development Team meetings as guides and facilitators, from the beginning of the process to the launch of the business. 

Cooperative Values

Co-operatives are based on the values of self-help, self-responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity. In the tradition of their founders, co-operative members believe in the ethical values of honesty, openness, social responsibility and caring for others.

The International Cooperative Alliance lists the following principles as guidelines by which co-operatives put their values into practice:

1. Voluntary and Open Membership. Cooperatives are voluntary organisations, open to all persons able to use their services and willing to accept the responsibilities of membership, without gender, social, racial, political or religious discrimination.

2. Democratic Member Control. Cooperatives are democratic organisations controlled by their members, who actively participate in setting their policies and making decisions. Men and women serving as elected representatives are accountable to the membership. In primary cooperatives members have equal voting rights (one member, one vote) and cooperatives at other levels are also organised in a democratic manner.

3. Member Economic Participation. Members contribute equitably to, and democratically control, the capital of their cooperative. At least part of that capital is usually the common property of the cooperative. Members usually receive limited compensation, if any, on capital subscribed as a condition of membership. Members allocate surpluses for any or all of the following purposes: developing their cooperative, possibly by setting up reserves, part of which at least would be indivisible; benefiting members in proportion to their transactions with the co-operative; and supporting other activities approved by the membership.

4. Autonomy and Independence. Cooperatives are autonomous, self-help organisations controlled by their members. If they enter into agreements with other organisations, including governments, or raise capital from external sources, they do so on terms that ensure democratic control by their members and maintain their co-operative autonomy.

5. Education, Training and Information. Cooperatives provide education and training for their members, elected representatives, managers, and employees so they can contribute effectively to the development of their cooperatives. They inform the general public – particularly young people and opinion leaders – about the nature and benefits of cooperation.

6. Cooperation among Cooperatives. Cooperatives serve their members most effectively and strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local, national, regional and international structures.

7. Concern for Community. Cooperatives work for the sustainable development of their communities through policies approved by their members.